8 Types of Hawks in Indiana

Indiana is home to a diverse range of bird species, including eight different types of hawks.

These majestic birds of prey are a common sight throughout the state, with their impressive size and hunting skills making them a popular subject for bird watchers and nature enthusiasts.

In this article, we will explore the eight different types of hawks found in Indiana, including their physical characteristics, behavior, and habitat preferences.

Whether you’re a seasoned bird watcher or simply curious about the natural world around you, this article will provide you with valuable insights into the fascinating world of hawks in Indiana.

 
ImageName
Red-Tailed HawkRed-Tailed Hawk
Rough-Legged HawkRough-Legged Hawk
Sharp-Shinned HawkSharp-Shinned Hawk
Northern HarrierNorthern Harrier
Ferruginous HawkFerruginous Hawk
Northern GoshawkNorthern Goshawk
Swainson HawkSwainson Hawk
Broad-Winged HawkBroad-Winged Hawk

Types of Hawks in Indiana

1. Red-Tailed Hawk

Red-tailed Hawk

The red-tailed hawk (Buteo jamaicensis) is one of the most common hawks in Indiana and is found in both rural and urban areas.

It is easily identified by its rusty red tail, which is often seen as it soars over fields and open spaces. 

This hawk is a medium-sized raptor, typically measuring between 16 and 25 inches in length.

It has a wingspan of up to four feet and a weight of two to three pounds.

The red-tailed hawk is a powerful hunter, capable of taking down small mammals and birds. 

Its diet typically consists of mice, voles, rabbits, and other small animals.

It may also predate on eggs and nestlings when available.

The red-tailed hawk typically nests in tall trees and can often be seen perched atop telephone poles or other high points.

It is an opportunistic nester, meaning it will often use abandoned nests of other birds, such as crows or hawks. 

It is also known to nest on the ground, in rock crevices, or in buildings.

The red-tailed hawk is a monogamous species, and pairs typically mate for life. 

The female typically lays three to four eggs, which are incubated for 28 to 32 days.

The young fledge after six to eight weeks but may remain with their parents throughout the summer. 

2. Rough-Legged Hawk

Rough-Legged Hawk

The rough-legged hawk (Buteo lagopus) is a medium-sized hawk found in Indiana in small numbers.

It is a migratory species, typically seen in the state during the winter months. 

This hawk is easily identified by its white head and tail and its blackish-brown wings and back.

It has a wingspan of up to five feet and a weight of two to three pounds. 

The rough-legged hawk is an opportunistic hunter and will feed on a variety of small animals, such as voles, mice, rabbits, and shrews.

It will also take carrion and birds. 

The rough-legged hawk typically nests on cliffs or in trees, building a large stick nest.

It is a monogamous species, and pairs typically mate for life. 

The female typically lays three to four eggs, which are incubated for 28 to 30 days.

The young fledge after six to eight weeks but may remain with their parents throughout the summer. 

3. Sharp-Shinned Hawk

Sharp-shinned Hawk

The sharp-shinned hawk (Accipiter striatus) is a small hawk found in Indiana in small numbers.

It is easily identified by its dark gray upperparts, white underparts, and long, dark tail. 

This hawk is typically between nine and 13 inches in length and has a wingspan of up to three feet.

It is an accomplished hunter, preying on small birds, such as sparrows, finches, and doves.

It may also take small mammals, such as mice and voles. 

The sharp-shinned hawk typically nests in dense woodlands, building a small, cup-shaped nest of twigs and bark.

It is a monogamous species, and pairs typically mate for life. 

The female typically lays three to four eggs, which are incubated for 28 to 32 days.

The young fledge after six to eight weeks but may remain with their parents throughout the summer.

4. Northern Harrier

Northern Harrier

The northern harrier (Circus cyaneus) is a medium-sized hawk found in Indiana in small numbers.

It is easily identified by its white head, gray back, and long, white-tipped tail. 

This hawk is typically between 16 and 21 inches in length and has a wingspan of up to four feet.

It is an opportunistic hunter, preying on small mammals, such as voles, mice, rabbits, and shrews.

It may also take birds and carrion.

The northern harrier typically nests in grasslands, building a large stick nest.

It is a monogamous species and pairs typically mate for life. 

The female typically lays four to five eggs, which are incubated for 28 to 32 days.

The young fledge after six to eight weeks but may remain with their parents throughout the summer.

5. Ferruginous Hawk

Ferruginous Hawk

The ferruginous hawk (Buteo regalis) is an uncommon hawk found in Indiana in small numbers.

It is easily identified by its pale gray upper parts, white head and chest, and rusty-colored tail and wings. 

This hawk is typically between 22 and 28 inches in length and has a wingspan of up to five feet.

It is an opportunistic hunter, preying on small mammals, such as voles, mice, rabbits, and shrews.

It may also take birds, lizards, and carrion. 

The ferruginous hawk typically nests in grasslands, building a large stick nest.

It is a monogamous species and pairs typically mate for life. 

The female typically lays two to four eggs, which are incubated for 28 to 32 days.

The young fledge after six to eight weeks but may remain with their parents throughout the summer. 

6. Northern Goshawk

Northern Goshawk

The Northern Goshawk is among the most elusive animals throughout Indiana since it prefers to make its home in the dense woods found across the state. 

To view one of these, you are going to have to put in some effort and investigate!

Goshawks are smaller and bulkier than other raptors, and their heads are often a glossy gray color.

Both of their eyes appear red, and they have a white line that sweeps back over the front of their faces.

The youngsters, however, possess yellow eyes and seem more like Cooper’s Hawks, but they have more striping.

7. Swainson Hawk

Swainson's Hawk

The wingspans of Swainson Hawk are renowned for being very long, and their wings are pointy.

Swainson hawks are more gregarious birds, and thus, they are almost always encountered traveling in groups! 

They are known to gorge themselves on Indiana’s abundant population of insects, particularly grasshoppers.

8. Broad-Winged Hawk

Broad Winged Hawk

Since Indiana is an ideal location for the breeding of broad-winged hawks, it is possible that you may come across several of these birds during the breeding season. 

It’s possible that when the weather changes, you’ll observe them making their way toward Florida!

The size of a broad-winged hawk is comparable to that of the red-shouldered hawk, which was discussed before. 

In contrast to the majority of hawk species, in which the female is frequently a fair amount bigger than the male, broad-winged hawks have males and females that are almost the same size.

Conclusion

In conclusion, the eight different types of hawks found in Indiana are a true testament to the state’s rich biodiversity.

These birds of prey are not only awe-inspiring to watch, but they also play an important role in maintaining the natural balance of their ecosystems.

From the towering size of the Ferruginous Hawk to the nimble flight of the Sharp-shinned Hawk, each species has its own unique set of characteristics that make it perfectly adapted to its environment.

By learning more about these incredible birds, we can gain a greater appreciation for the natural world around us and the importance of preserving it.

So the next time you look up to the sky and spot a hawk soaring above, take a moment to appreciate the beauty and wonder of this magnificent creature.

FAQ

Where can I spot hawks in Indiana?

Hawks can be found throughout Indiana, but they are most commonly seen in open areas such as fields, meadows, and along highways.

What do hawks eat?

Hawks are carnivores and their diet primarily consists of small mammals, such as mice and rabbits, as well as birds and reptiles.

How can I identify the different types of hawks in Indiana?

Each type of hawk has its own unique set of physical characteristics, such as coloration, size, and shape of the beak and wings. There are also specific behavioral and habitat preferences that can help with identification. A good field guide or birding app can be a helpful resource in identifying hawks.

Are hawks endangered in Indiana?

While some hawk species are listed as threatened or endangered in other states, none of the eight types of hawks found in Indiana are currently classified as such.

Can I keep a hawk as a pet?

It is illegal to keep hawks as pets in Indiana and in most other states. Additionally, hawks are wild animals that require specialized care and expertise, and they do not make good pets.

Last Updated on March 22, 2023 by Lily Aldrin

About Lily Aldrin

I am Lily Aldrin. I attended Cornell University, where I obtained my degree to become an Ornithologist so I could pursue my love of these magnificent creatures in and out of their natural habitats.

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